Terrariums 101 — What They Are and How to Start One

Terrariums are a fascinating way to bring a slice of underwater or semi‑aquatic nature into your home, combining the artistic side of design with the precision of modern aquaristics. Whether you dream of a lush, planted aquascape, a paludarium with both water and land, or a small nano setup on your desk, understanding what terrariums are and how to start one will help you avoid frustration and enjoy a thriving ecosystem. Below you will find a practical guide prepared for hobbyists and future customers of MB Store.

Understanding Terrariums in the Context of Aquaristics

In the broadest sense, a terrarium is a glass container that recreates a natural habitat on a small scale. In the world of aquaristics, this concept often overlaps with aquariums, paludariums and ripariums, where water plays a crucial role. A classic aquarium is focused almost entirely on the underwater environment, while a terrarium can include both water and emerged land sections, plants growing emersed and, in some cases, animals that live above the water surface.

For many aquarists, the first contact with terrariums comes through planted tanks and aquascaping. When you carefully arrange stones, driftwood and plants to create a miniature landscape, you are already working with terrarium principles: composition, layering of substrates, plant selection and long‑term stability of a closed environment. A well‑designed glass container must function as an ecosystem, not just as a collection of random items placed in water.

The key difference lies in the balance between water and land. A paludarium, for example, may have 50–70% of its volume filled with water, with the remaining space forming land platforms, roots and branches for semi‑aquatic plants or animals. A riparium emphasizes shorelines and plants rooted in water but growing above the surface. All these systems demand the same basic skills: knowledge of filtration, lighting, water chemistry and biological cycles that every aquarist should master.

From a practical point of view, the container itself is the foundation. MB Store offers a wide range of glass tanks and dedicated equipment that can serve as the base for both traditional aquariums and more experimental terrarium‑style projects. Choosing the right shape and volume at the beginning simplifies later maintenance and allows you to match the design to your available space, furniture and lighting conditions in your home.

Key Components of a Functional Aquarium‑Terrarium Setup

Every successful glass ecosystem, whether primarily aquatic or terrarium‑like, relies on a few fundamental components. Neglecting any of them usually leads to algae problems, plant melt, stressed fish or invertebrates, and general instability. Treat these elements as a checklist when planning your first project or upgrading an existing aquarium.

The first pillar is a suitable tank. The dimensions affect not only aesthetics but also the biological capacity of the system. A longer tank provides more horizontal space for layout and swimming, while a taller tank may be better for emergent plants and vertical hardscape. At MB Store you will find standard rectangular tanks, compact nano cubes and larger display aquariums that can become the heart of your living room or office.

Next comes filtration. Even a terrarium with a shallow water section needs stable water circulation and biological filtration to handle waste produced by fish, shrimp or snails. Internal filters are compact and ideal for nano setups, while external canister filters offer larger media volume and better flow control for big displays or heavily stocked tanks. A properly sized filter supports beneficial bacteria that convert toxic ammonia into less harmful compounds, creating a safe environment for all inhabitants.

Lighting is equally important. Plants, whether fully submerged or growing emersed in a terrarium, require adequate intensity and spectrum to perform photosynthesis. Modern LED fixtures are energy‑efficient, produce little heat and can be precisely tailored to the needs of aquatic and semi‑aquatic plants. MB Store provides dedicated aquarium lighting solutions that help you bring out the natural colors of fish and plants while promoting healthy growth and minimizing nuisance algae.

Substrate and hardscape form the visual and functional skeleton of your layout. Nutrient‑rich substrates support root development in demanding plant species, while inert sands and gravels are perfect for decorative foregrounds or for tanks with burrowing fish. Carefully selected stones and driftwood introduce a sense of scale and direction, guiding the viewer’s eye through the scape. Good hardscape also creates hiding spots and territories, which reduces stress in fish and other animals.

Finally, a well‑planned terrarium‑aquarium requires thoughtful choice of inhabitants. The biological load must match the filtration capacity and volume of water. Peaceful community fish, dwarf shrimp, small snails and hardy plants are excellent for beginners. More sensitive species and complex paludarium inhabitants should be introduced only when you have gained experience and your system has proved stable for several months.

Planning Your First Terrarium‑Style Aquarium

Before you add water or place a single stone, it is worth investing time in planning. A clear concept will help you select compatible equipment, reduce costs and avoid dramatic changes later. Start by defining the primary goal: do you want a densely planted aquascape, a mixed paludarium with terrestrial plants and a shallow water zone, or a simple nano tank inspired by natural riverbanks?

Once you have a vision, determine the available space and budget. Measure the shelf, cabinet or desk where the tank will stand and make sure it can safely bear the weight of water, glass and stones. Keep in mind that even a relatively small tank becomes unexpectedly heavy when filled. MB Store can help you match the right aquarium model and supporting equipment to your technical conditions, so you can create a stable and visually pleasing setup.

When the dimensions are set, sketch a rough layout. Decide where the main focal point will be, how the composition lines will run and where the transition between water and land (if any) should occur. In terrarium‑style projects, vertical elements such as roots or branches often serve as a bridge between submerged and emerged sections. Thinking about these details in advance will guide your shopping list for rocks, wood, substrates and plants.

Planning also involves choosing the future inhabitants. Some fish species jump frequently and therefore require a tight‑fitting cover, especially if the waterline is close to the rim in a terrarium‑like tank. Shrimp and snails may explore above the water surface if provided with easy access. Make sure the plants and animals you select share similar requirements regarding temperature, water hardness and pH. This compatibility is essential for long‑term balance and minimal maintenance.

At this stage it is wise to consider automation and monitoring. Timers for lights, thermostats for heaters and test kits for water parameters will make your life easier and protect your investment of time and money. MB Store’s assortment includes heaters, thermometers, LED controllers and water test products that help you maintain stable conditions, even if you are away from home for part of the day or week.

Step‑by‑Step: Setting Up a Beginner‑Friendly System

With a solid plan in mind, you can proceed to the practical side of building your first terrarium‑style aquarium. The following steps outline a safe and reproducible method suitable for most beginners, while leaving room for creative expression in the layout and plant choice.

Start by cleaning the empty tank with plain water and a soft cloth to remove dust and possible residues from manufacturing or storage. Avoid household detergents, as they may leave traces harmful to fish and invertebrates. Once the glass is clean, position the tank on a level, stable surface with an appropriate mat or pad underneath to distribute weight evenly and reduce stress on the glass panels.

Next, add the substrate. If you are using a nutrient‑rich base layer, spread it evenly in the areas intended for dense planting. On top of that, pour a decorative layer of sand or gravel, sloping it from back to front to create a sense of depth. In paludarium projects, you may need to build dry platforms using stones, driftwood and special supports to keep parts of the substrate above the waterline. Take your time during this phase, as changing the foundation later is difficult and messy.

Once the substrate is in place, arrange the hardscape. Place stones and wood according to your sketch, constantly checking the view from the main viewing side. Make sure all elements are stable and cannot collapse once water is added. Use smaller pieces to refine transitions and hide technical components such as filter intakes or heater bodies. A well‑planned hardscape supports plant placement and provides natural hiding places for the inhabitants.

Now you can proceed to planting. Start with background plants, then move gradually to mid‑ground and foreground species. Tweezers make it easier to place delicate stems and small rosettes into the substrate without damaging roots. In terrariums with emergent sections, plant moisture‑loving terrestrial species on elevated areas, ensuring that their roots can access moisture from the substrate or water below. Mist the plants regularly during this stage to prevent them from drying out before the system is fully filled.

Filling the tank with water requires patience. Pour water slowly onto a plate or plastic bag placed on the substrate to avoid disturbing your layout. In partially terrestrial terrariums, maintain the planned water level and check all land sections for stability and proper drainage. When the tank is full, install and start the filter and heater, then adjust the temperature to the target range for your future inhabitants.

The system must now undergo a biological cycling process. This period, usually lasting several weeks, allows beneficial bacteria to colonize the filter and substrate, transforming toxic nitrogen compounds into less harmful forms. During cycling, regularly test the water and avoid adding sensitive fish. Instead, you can introduce hardy snails or a small amount of starter bacteria products. MB Store offers suitable filtration media and conditioners that support a safe and efficient cycling phase.

Maintenance Routines for Long‑Term Success

A terrarium‑aquarium is not a piece of static decoration but a living system that changes over time. To keep it attractive and healthy, you need a consistent yet uncomplicated maintenance routine. When properly organized, weekly tasks take little time and greatly reduce the risk of serious problems such as algae blooms or plant die‑off.

The fundamental activity is the regular water change. Replacing 20–30% of the volume once a week helps remove accumulated nutrients, waste and dissolved organic matter. Fresh, conditioned tap water restores mineral balance and supports the health of fish and plants. During water changes, you can also gently vacuum the upper layer of the substrate, especially in open water zones where detritus tends to collect.

Filter maintenance should be done less frequently, usually every four to eight weeks, depending on stocking and feeding levels. Rinse filter media in a bucket of aquarium water rather than under running tap water, in order to preserve beneficial bacteria. Avoid excessive cleaning of all media at once; stagger your efforts so the biological stability is not disrupted. MB Store stocks various types of filter sponges, bio‑rings and pads that can be replaced gradually without shocking the system.

Plant care is another key aspect. Fast‑growing stems may require regular trimming to prevent them from shading slower species. When you cut and replant healthy tops, you effectively propagate your plants at no extra cost. In emergent or terrestrial sections of a terrarium, monitor humidity levels and mist or water the plants as needed. Remove dead leaves promptly to prevent decay and improve overall appearance.

Algae control is often a concern for newcomers. Rather than relying solely on chemical solutions, focus on maintaining balance between lighting, nutrients and plant mass. Avoid leaving the lights on for more than 8–10 hours per day and adjust intensity if you notice excessive algae growth on glass or hardscape. Additional helpers such as shrimp or algae‑eating fish can support manual cleaning, but they cannot compensate for fundamental imbalances.

Finally, observe your animals daily. Changes in behavior, appetite or coloration may signal water quality issues or disease. Regular testing of basic parameters like pH, hardness and nitrogen compounds allows you to react early. MB Store offers reliable test kits and conditioners that help you correct deviations quickly and safely, protecting both your livestock and your carefully designed layout.

How MB Store Supports Your Terrarium and Aquarium Projects

Creating a beautiful and stable terrarium‑style aquarium becomes much easier when you have access to specialized products and reliable advice. MB Store focuses on providing both, so that enthusiasts at every skill level can realize their creative visions while maintaining high standards of animal welfare and plant health.

In our assortment you will find glass aquariums in numerous sizes, from compact nano tanks for desks or shelves to large display models suitable for living rooms, offices or reception areas. The precise workmanship of the tanks ensures tight seals and clear viewing, which is especially important in detail‑rich aquascapes and terrariums with emergent plants. Matching stands and mats help you safely integrate the tank into your interior design.

Beyond the tanks themselves, MB Store offers a full range of supporting equipment. Efficient filters, adjustable heaters, modern LED lighting, air pumps and flow accessories allow you to customize conditions to the specific needs of your project. Whether you are building a cool‑water shrimp nano, a warm tropical paludarium or a high‑tech planted aquarium with CO₂ injection, you can assemble a complete technical setup from a single, trusted source.

Hardscape and substrates form another important part of our offer. Carefully selected stones, driftwood and decorative sands help you achieve the natural look that makes terrariums so captivating. Nutrient‑rich substrates and additives support the development of demanding plants, both submerged and emergent. By combining these materials, you can shape slopes, terraces and platforms that remain stable for years, even in complex layouts.

MB Store also provides essential maintenance products such as water conditioners, bacterial starters, fertilizers and specialized tools like scissors and tweezers. These items simplify everyday care and help you maintain consistent quality of water and plant growth. When paired with quality test kits, they give you full control over the invisible processes taking place in your miniature ecosystem.

Equally important is access to knowledge. Through our blog and customer support, MB Store shares practical tips, step‑by‑step guides and inspiration drawn from real‑world aquaristic practice. Whether you are taking your first steps in the hobby or refining advanced techniques, you can count on clear information grounded in experience and modern standards of aquarium care.

Design Inspiration and Popular Terrarium‑Aquarium Styles

One of the pleasures of working with glass ecosystems is the almost unlimited potential for artistic expression. Over time, several popular styles have emerged, each with its own design principles, plant palettes and typical inhabitants. Exploring these approaches can help you discover what resonates most with your taste and living space.

Nature‑inspired aquascapes aim to recreate the feel of natural landscapes such as riverbanks, forest floors or mountain valleys. They often use asymmetrical compositions, natural stones and twisted roots to create a sense of age and depth. In such tanks, plants are chosen to mimic mosses, grasses and shrubs, forming a lush but carefully controlled arrangement. This style translates very well into terrarium‑like setups with emergent plants climbing above the waterline.

Iwagumi layouts, originating from Japanese aquascaping, focus primarily on stones as the structural core of the composition. The arrangement of rocks follows specific aesthetic rules, creating a harmonious and minimalist scene. Subdued plant choices and open swimming spaces emphasize tranquility and balance. While traditionally fully aquatic, iwagumi principles can inspire shoreline‑style terrariums, where rocks emerge above the water and are colonized by mosses.

Paludariums and ripariums are especially attractive for hobbyists who want to combine aquatic and terrestrial worlds. In a paludarium, a significant portion of the tank is dedicated to land areas with rich planting and, possibly, small reptiles or amphibians. Ripariums focus more on water but showcase plants rooted in the substrate and growing above the surface, resembling wetlands or flooded forests. Both approaches benefit from strong lighting and efficient humidity management to keep emergent leaves healthy.

Nano setups deserve separate mention. These are small tanks, often under 40 liters, that can be placed on desks, shelves or countertops. Despite their size, they can host highly detailed layouts with miniature plants, small shrimp and tiny fish species. Nano terrariums require precise maintenance and careful stocking but reward the owner with an intimate and constantly changing micro‑world. MB Store’s range of compact tanks and matching equipment makes it easy to experiment with this scale even in limited spaces.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Even with good intentions and quality equipment, beginners often encounter similar problems. Being aware of these pitfalls will help you avoid frustration and enjoy your terrarium‑aquarium from the very start, instead of constantly fighting emergencies and disappointments.

A frequent mistake is rushing the setup and stocking process. Skipping or shortening the biological cycling phase typically leads to dangerous spikes in ammonia and nitrite, which can stress or kill fish and invertebrates. Patience during the first weeks, combined with regular water testing, is one of the most effective ways to secure long‑term stability. Use this time to study plant growth, adjust lighting and fine‑tune filtration.

Another common issue is incompatible stocking. Mixing species with vastly different temperature, pH or behavior requirements usually ends in conflict and health problems. Aggressive fish may bully peaceful tankmates, while shy species may never show themselves in a hectic community. Before buying any animal, research its needs and check whether your tank size, layout and water parameters can realistically meet them.

Overfeeding contributes significantly to poor water quality and algae growth. Excess food decomposes, releasing nutrients and pollutants that overwhelm the filter and destabilize the system. Feed small portions that fish can consume within a few minutes and remove visible leftovers promptly. High‑quality foods are more efficiently digested, resulting in less waste and clearer water.

Neglecting maintenance is another trap. Skipping water changes or filter cleaning for weeks may not show immediate consequences but will eventually lead to declining clarity, unpleasant odors and sick animals. Establish simple, regular routines and stick to them, even when your tank looks clean. Prevention is always easier and cheaper than dealing with a full‑blown crisis.

Finally, many aquarists underestimate the importance of suitable lighting. Either too little light, causing slow or stunted plant growth, or too much light, driving algae blooms, can spoil even the most carefully planned layout. Use quality fixtures, adjust intensity gradually and observe how plants and algae respond over several weeks. MB Store’s lighting solutions and advice can help you find the sweet spot for your particular setup.

Bringing It All Together

Terrariums connected with aquaristics open a creative path for anyone who wants to enjoy living nature at home or at work. By combining water, land, plants and animals in a single glass container, you build not only a decorative piece but a functioning ecosystem that evolves over time. Success depends on a few universal principles: proper planning, adequate equipment, patience during cycling and consistent, gentle maintenance.

MB Store supports you at every stage of this journey. From high‑quality tanks and efficient filters to advanced lighting, hardscape, substrates and testing tools, you can assemble a complete setup tailored to your ambitions and experience level. With access to solid knowledge and reliable products, your first terrarium‑style aquarium can quickly become a satisfying, long‑term hobby rather than a source of constant troubleshooting.

As you gain confidence, you can experiment with new layouts, more demanding plants and complex paludariums that blur the boundaries between traditional aquariums and terrestrial terrariums. Each new project deepens your understanding of aquatic biology, design and responsible animal care, turning a simple glass box into a window on diverse and vibrant natural worlds.

FAQ

How is a terrarium‑style aquarium different from a regular aquarium?
A terrarium‑style aquarium usually combines both aquatic and terrestrial elements in one glass container. While a regular aquarium focuses on underwater life, a terrarium layout may include emerged plants, land platforms and sometimes semi‑aquatic animals. This requires extra attention to humidity, lighting and structural stability but allows for richer, more naturalistic sceneries.

Do I need special equipment to start a small terrarium aquarium?
Basic requirements stay the same: a glass tank, reliable filter, appropriate heater and suitable lighting. However, terrarium‑like setups may benefit from adjustable LED fixtures for emergent plants and carefully chosen substrates to support both wet and dry zones. MB Store offers compact tanks, filters and lights that make it easier to build stable nano systems in limited spaces.

How long does it take to cycle a new terrarium‑aquarium?
Most systems need between three and six weeks to complete the biological cycling process, depending on temperature, filtration efficiency and initial bacterial seeding. During this time you should regularly test ammonia and nitrite levels, avoid adding sensitive fish and focus on plant establishment. Patience during cycling greatly reduces later problems like disease outbreaks or sudden algae blooms.

Which plants are best for beginners in terrarium‑style aquariums?
Hardy, adaptable species work best at the start. For submerged sections, easy stem plants, Java fern, Anubias and mosses are forgiving and tolerate a range of conditions. In emergent or terrestrial zones, moisture‑loving plants like certain ferns and simple tropical houseplants adapt well. Begin with undemanding species, then gradually add more delicate plants as your experience and system stability grow.

Can I keep fish and shrimp together in a terrarium aquarium?
Yes, but only if you choose compatible species and provide sufficient hiding places. Many small community fish coexist peacefully with dwarf shrimp, especially in well‑planted tanks with mosses and dense vegetation. Avoid large or predatory fish that might hunt shrimp. Ensure that water parameters, temperature and feeding regimes meet the needs of both groups to maintain harmony and long‑term health.