Moonlight Gourami – Trichopodus microlepis

Among labyrinth fish, few species are as elegant and underrated as the Moonlight Gourami, Trichopodus microlepis. Its calm temperament, pearly sheen and fascinating breathing behaviour make it an ideal centrepiece for many community aquariums. In this article we will explore its natural habitat, behaviour, care requirements and breeding, so you can decide whether this shimmering fish should become a star in your home aquarium. At MB Store you will also find a wide range of aquariums and essential accessories to create the perfect environment for Moonlight Gouramis.

Natural habitat and appearance of the Moonlight Gourami

The Moonlight Gourami originates from slow‑moving waters of Southeast Asia, especially from Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam. In nature it inhabits shallow ponds, marshes, rice paddies and sluggish rivers, where the water is warm, soft and usually slightly acidic. Dense vegetation and a large amount of organic debris create dimly lit conditions that perfectly match the subtle colours of this species.

The body of Trichopodus microlepis is laterally compressed and elongated, giving the fish a characteristically slender silhouette. Adult specimens typically reach 12–15 cm in length, making them larger than many other community fish but still manageable for medium‑sized aquariums. Their most distinctive feature is the delicate, silvery‑green body with a sheen reminiscent of soft moonlight gliding over calm water. Under the right light, the scales reflect gentle hues of green and blue, which look especially attractive in planted tanks.

The dorsal fin is relatively short and placed far back, while the anal fin is long and flows elegantly along most of the body. The ventral fins are modified into elongated, thread‑like filaments used as tactile organs. These “feelers” are constantly in motion, allowing the fish to explore its surroundings, communicate with tankmates and navigate in murky waters. The eyes have a reddish or orange tint, contrasting nicely with the pale body and adding to the fish’s unique appearance.

Sexual dimorphism is visible although not as pronounced as in some other gouramis. Males usually have a more pointed dorsal fin and slightly more intense colouring, sometimes with a hint of orange around the ventral area and the pelvic filaments. Females tend to be rounder, especially when full of eggs, and often show a slightly softer shade. Observing these subtle differences becomes easier as the fish reach maturity.

Unique behaviour and temperament

Moonlight Gouramis are known for their peaceful and somewhat shy disposition. They are considered excellent community fish, particularly suited to aquariums with calm, non‑aggressive tankmates. Their gentle behaviour makes them ideal for aquarists who appreciate tranquil, balanced displays rather than extremely active or boisterous setups.

One of the most fascinating aspects of Trichopodus microlepis is its membership in the labyrinth fish family. Like other labyrinth species, such as Bettas and other gouramis, Moonlight Gouramis possess a special organ that enables them to breathe atmospheric air. You will often notice them slowly swimming to the surface, taking a subtle gulp of air, and then returning to mid‑water or the lower areas of the tank. This adaptation allows them to survive in low‑oxygen waters in nature, but in the aquarium it adds an extra layer of behavioural interest.

In a well‑designed tank with plenty of plants and hiding spots, Moonlight Gouramis display a rich repertoire of social interactions. They may engage in gentle chasing, particularly during courtship, but serious aggression is rare when they are kept in appropriate conditions. Males can become territorial during breeding, especially near bubble nests, yet even then they are usually less aggressive than many other labyrinth fish.

They tend to occupy the upper and middle layers of the aquarium, gliding gracefully among plants and decorations. Their slow, deliberate movements have a soothing effect on the overall atmosphere of the tank. This makes them suitable for living rooms, offices and other spaces where a calm, relaxing visual element is desired. However, their shy nature means that they feel safest in groups and in aquariums with dim or diffused lighting.

Because of their long, delicate fins and peaceful temperament, Moonlight Gouramis should not be housed with fin‑nipping species or very active fish that might stress them. Ideal tankmates include small tetras, rasboras, peaceful barbs, Corydoras, small Loricariidae, and other non‑aggressive community species. With such companions, Moonlight Gouramis will be more active, show better colouration and exhibit more natural behaviours.

Tank size, layout and equipment

To keep Moonlight Gouramis healthy and comfortable, it is important to provide them with an appropriately sized aquarium and suitable equipment. Although they are not particularly demanding, their adult size and preference for horizontal swimming space mean that cramped tanks should be avoided. A good starting point is an aquarium of at least 100–120 litres for a small group, with a length of 80–100 cm to allow room for natural movement.

An elongated tank is preferable to a tall, narrow one. The extra surface area benefits these labyrinth fish, which regularly visit the water’s surface to breathe. It is also crucial to create a calm surface, with only gentle water movement. Overly strong currents from filters or powerheads can stress Moonlight Gouramis and disrupt bubble nests during breeding. When choosing filtration, focus on efficient but relatively mild water flow. At MB Store you will find a wide selection of internal and external filters, allowing you to choose a model perfectly suited to the size of your aquarium and the needs of Trichopodus microlepis.

The layout should replicate the calm, vegetated waters of their natural habitat. Use a dark substrate, such as fine gravel or sand, to emphasise their subtle shimmer. Dense planting along the back and sides of the tank provides essential cover, while leaving open swimming spaces in the centre. Floating plants are especially valuable for this species; they help diffuse light, create a sense of security and offer a base for bubble nest building. Species such as Salvinia, frogbit or water lettuce can work very well.

Hardscape elements like driftwood and smooth stones can be used to create visual barriers and territories, particularly helpful if you keep more than one male. Avoid sharp decorations that could damage their delicate fins. Gentle lighting, achieved through dimmable LED fixtures or by using floating plants, tends to bring out the best coloration in Moonlight Gouramis and encourages more confident behaviour. MB Store offers modern LED lighting systems and complete aquariums equipped with covers and lighting, making it easier to set up an attractive and functional environment for your fish.

A secure cover or lid is essential. Even though Moonlight Gouramis are not known as frequent jumpers, they can still leap when startled or during courtship. Moreover, a cover helps maintain a warm layer of humid air above the water surface. This is particularly important for labyrinth fish, especially juveniles, as cold air can lead to infections of the labyrinth organ and other health problems.

Water parameters and maintenance

Moonlight Gouramis are fairly adaptable but still require stable, well‑maintained water conditions to thrive. They prefer soft to moderately hard water, with a pH in the range of 6.0–7.5. Slightly acidic, tannin‑rich water can imitate their natural environment and often enhances their coloration and overall comfort. General hardness around 4–12 dGH is usually well tolerated.

The ideal temperature for Trichopodus microlepis is between 24 and 28°C. Consistency is more important than chasing a specific number; avoid sudden fluctuations, which can stress the fish and weaken their immune systems. A reliable heater with an accurate thermostat is crucial, especially in climates with significant room temperature variations. MB Store provides a wide selection of heaters and thermostats that help maintain a stable temperature suitable for Moonlight Gouramis.

Good water quality is essential. Although these fish come from habitats that may contain organic matter and slightly murky water, they still require clean, biologically stable conditions in the aquarium. Regular partial water changes, usually 20–30% weekly, help keep nitrate levels in check and stabilise water chemistry. During water changes, try to match temperature and basic parameters to avoid shocking the fish.

Filtration should combine mechanical, biological and, when needed, chemical elements. A sponge pre‑filter on the intake of an external or internal filter is a useful addition, preventing juveniles or small fish from being sucked in and offering an extra surface for beneficial bacteria. As mentioned earlier, make sure the water flow is not too strong. Many aquarists use spray bars or adjustable outputs to diffuse the current, creating calm zones near the surface where Moonlight Gouramis like to linger.

Monitoring water parameters with test kits allows you to respond early to any potential issues. Elevated ammonia or nitrite levels are always dangerous, while prolonged exposure to high nitrate can also affect health and colouration. In addition to standard care, consider using botanicals such as catappa leaves or alder cones if you enjoy a slightly tinted, “blackwater” look. These elements release beneficial humic substances and can have a mild antibacterial effect, though they should not be treated as a substitute for proper maintenance.

Feeding and nutrition

Moonlight Gouramis are omnivorous and quite undemanding in terms of diet, but thoughtful feeding will significantly improve their vitality, coloration and resistance to disease. In the wild they feed on small invertebrates, insect larvae, plankton and plant matter. In the aquarium they accept a wide variety of foods, which makes them relatively easy to keep.

A high‑quality staple food in the form of flakes or small granules designed for community fish is a good foundation. Look for products with a high proportion of animal protein and added vitamins, ensuring balanced nutrition. Many aquarists prefer to use slow‑sinking granules, as Moonlight Gouramis often feed in the upper and middle layers but will also pick food that drifts downwards.

To fully meet their nutritional needs and bring out their best colours, it is advisable to supplement dry foods with live or frozen options. Bloodworms, daphnia, brine shrimp and mosquito larvae are all excellent choices. These foods stimulate natural hunting behaviours and can serve as a valuable condition enhancer, particularly before breeding. When introducing live foods, always ensure they come from trusted sources to minimise the risk of parasites and pathogens.

Vegetable components should not be neglected. While Moonlight Gouramis are primarily inclined towards animal protein, plant‑based foods help support digestion and overall health. Spirulina‑based flakes, blanched vegetables such as spinach or lettuce (offered occasionally), and herbivore‑oriented pellets can all be used to add variety. Their omnivorous nature means they will happily sample many types of food, so rotate options to maintain a rich diet.

Feeding should be moderate and controlled. Offer small portions two to three times a day, making sure all food is consumed within a few minutes. Overfeeding leads to water quality issues and can cause obesity and liver problems. Observing how the fish feed is also a good way to monitor their health; a sudden lack of appetite may signal stress, disease or suboptimal water conditions. With a balanced diet and proper water quality, Moonlight Gouramis typically remain robust and long‑lived, often reaching 5–7 years or more in captivity.

Compatibility with other fish and community setups

When planning a community aquarium featuring Moonlight Gouramis, it is essential to choose tankmates that match their calm nature. Their elongated fins and deliberate swimming style make them vulnerable to harassment from more aggressive or fin‑nipping species. Avoid housing them with larger cichlids, boisterous barbs known for nipping, or overly active schooling fish that may outcompete them for food and create a stressful environment.

Excellent companions include small, peaceful schooling fish such as neon tetras, ember tetras, harlequin rasboras and many other similarly sized species. Corydoras catfish are ideal bottom‑dwellers for such setups, as they busily sift through the substrate without disturbing the gouramis. Small Loricariidae, such as certain Ancistrus species, also tend to coexist peacefully, helping control algae while ignoring their labyrinth tankmates.

When keeping more than one Moonlight Gourami, it is generally best to maintain a small group consisting of one male with several females, or a group of females only. Keeping multiple males is possible in larger aquariums with abundant plants and hiding places, where visual barriers help reduce direct confrontations. However, in smaller community tanks, a single male usually works best to prevent excessive territorial disputes during breeding periods.

In mixed community setups, pay attention to the temperature and water parameter requirements of all species. Moonlight Gouramis prefer warm, tropical conditions that align well with many popular community fish, making them versatile inhabitants of planted tanks. Their gentle presence often becomes a focal point, especially when they glide near the surface among floating plants, while active schooling fish add movement in the mid and lower levels.

To create a harmonious, visually appealing aquarium, combine Moonlight Gouramis with species that also appreciate softer lighting and dense vegetation. This approach not only ensures compatibility but also supports natural behaviours for all inhabitants. Remember that MB Store offers complete aquarium sets, filtration systems, lighting and other accessories that make it easier to design and maintain such balanced community environments.

Breeding Moonlight Gouramis in the aquarium

Breeding Trichopodus microlepis is an absorbing project for aquarists with some experience and a willingness to provide specialised conditions. Like many labyrinth fish, Moonlight Gouramis are bubble‑nest builders. The male constructs a floating nest at the surface by blowing bubbles strengthened with mucus, often among the roots of floating plants or near broad leaves close to the surface.

To increase the chances of successful spawning, it is advisable to set up a separate breeding tank, usually 60–80 litres in volume, with a low water level of around 15–20 cm. A gentle sponge filter, a heater maintaining the temperature at 27–28°C and abundant floating plants are key elements. The water should be soft and slightly acidic; many breeders also add catappa leaves to provide humic substances and create a more natural, dimly lit environment.

Condition the chosen breeding pair for one to two weeks on a rich diet, emphasising live and frozen foods. When placed in the breeding tank, the male will usually begin constructing a bubble nest. Once the nest is ready, courtship intensifies. The male displays to the female, flaring fins and guiding her towards the nest. Spawning involves the pair embracing under the nest, during which eggs are released and fertilised, then gently collected by the male in his mouth and placed into the bubbles.

After spawning is complete and the female is no longer actively participating, it is wise to remove her from the breeding tank. The male takes on the full role of guarding and caring for the eggs, repairing the nest when necessary and returning any drifting eggs or larvae to it. Depending on temperature, the eggs hatch within 24–36 hours. The fry remain attached to the nest for another day or two, absorbing their yolk sacs.

Once the fry become free‑swimming, the male should also be removed to prevent potential predation. At this stage, gentle aeration and impeccable water quality are crucial. The first foods typically include infusoria, commercially prepared liquid fry food or similar micro‑foods. As the fry grow, they can be introduced to newly hatched brine shrimp and finely crushed dry foods. Regular small water changes, performed carefully to avoid disturbing the tiny fry, will support healthy growth.

Raising Moonlight Gourami fry to adult size requires patience, but it is extremely rewarding. Observing the development of the labyrinth organ and the first tentative visits to the surface is particularly fascinating. With time and experience, many aquarists successfully establish their own lines of Trichopodus microlepis, ensuring a stable supply of healthy, well‑adapted fish for their aquariums or for sharing with others.

Health, common issues and long‑term care

Moonlight Gouramis are generally hardy when kept in suitable conditions, but like any aquarium fish they can fall victim to various diseases and stress‑related problems. The most common issues arise from poor water quality, inappropriate water parameters, or unsuitable tankmates. Stress weakens the immune system, making the fish more vulnerable to bacterial infections, fungal diseases and external parasites.

One of the most frequently encountered conditions in community aquariums is ich, characterised by tiny white spots on the body and fins. Timely diagnosis and treatment using appropriate medications, combined with a slight temperature increase and improved water quality, usually yield good results. Fin damage, whether due to fin‑nipping tankmates or abrasive decorations, can also occur. In such cases, separating the affected fish and providing clean, well‑oxygenated water often enables rapid regeneration.

Because Moonlight Gouramis are labyrinth fish, the health of their labyrinth organ is particularly important. Prolonged exposure to cold, dry air above the water surface, or sudden temperature shocks during water changes, can lead to problems with this organ and secondary infections. Maintaining a lid and ensuring that the air above the water is warm and humid significantly reduces this risk. Sudden gasping at the surface, lethargy and loss of appetite may signal serious underlying issues and should prompt immediate checks of temperature and water parameters.

Prevention remains the best strategy. Quarantine new fish for a few weeks before adding them to the main aquarium to avoid introducing pathogens or parasites. Feed a varied, high‑quality diet and avoid overcrowding, as cramped conditions often lead to chronic stress and behavioural problems. Regular observation is invaluable: by watching your Moonlight Gouramis daily, you will quickly notice any deviations from normal behaviour, such as clamped fins, hiding, or unusual swimming patterns.

With proper care, Moonlight Gouramis frequently enjoy long, healthy lives, becoming familiar and responsive inhabitants of the aquarium. They may learn to recognise their keeper and approach the front glass during feeding times, adding a subtle yet meaningful interactive element. At MB Store you can find suitable aquariums, filtration systems, heaters and other equipment that help ensure stable conditions and support the long‑term well‑being of Trichopodus microlepis and their tankmates.

Why choose Moonlight Gourami and how MB Store can help

For aquarists seeking a peaceful, visually refined species that brings a sense of calm to the aquarium, the Moonlight Gourami is an excellent choice. Its shimmering, moon‑like iridescence, graceful movements and fascinating labyrinth breathing behaviour make it stand out among many community fish. At the same time, it does not require extreme conditions or overly complex care, as long as basic needs for warm, stable water, gentle flow and abundant vegetation are met.

Trichopodus microlepis fits particularly well into planted aquariums designed as serene, natural biotopes. Surrounded by lush greenery, floating plants and soft lighting, a small group of these fish creates a captivating, harmonious scene. Their compatibility with many popular community species allows you to build diverse yet peaceful setups in which every inhabitant has sufficient space and comfort.

MB Store supports aquarists at every stage of this process, from the first concept of a Moonlight Gourami aquarium to long‑term maintenance and potential breeding projects. The store offers a wide selection of aquariums in various sizes, including complete sets with lighting and covers that are perfect for labyrinth fish. In addition, you can choose from filters, heaters, thermometers, test kits and decorative elements that make it easier to recreate the natural environment of Trichopodus microlepis.

By combining high‑quality equipment with solid knowledge and regular care, you can create a stable, aesthetically pleasing home for Moonlight Gouramis. Whether you are just beginning your journey with labyrinth fish or expanding an existing collection, this species will reward you with years of subtle beauty and intriguing behaviour. With the right planning and the support of MB Store, the soft glow of Moonlight Gouramis can become a permanent, soothing presence in your aquatic world.

FAQ

How big do Moonlight Gouramis get and what tank size do they need?
Adult Moonlight Gouramis usually reach 12–15 cm in length, so they are noticeably larger than many small community fish. For a pair or small group you should provide at least 100–120 litres, with an emphasis on length rather than height. A tank of around 80–100 cm in length offers enough horizontal space and surface area for natural swimming and labyrinth breathing.

Are Moonlight Gouramis suitable for beginners in fishkeeping?
Moonlight Gouramis can be a good choice for patient beginners who are willing to learn the basics of water chemistry and regular maintenance. They are fairly hardy and tolerant of a range of conditions, but they dislike strong currents and sudden parameter changes. A stable, well‑filtered, planted aquarium with gentle lighting is the key to success for new aquarists keeping this species.

Can Moonlight Gouramis live with shrimp and snails?
Moonlight Gouramis generally ignore adult snails and larger ornamental shrimp, focusing more on mid‑water food items. However, very small or freshly hatched shrimp may be viewed as a natural food source and can be eaten. If you plan to keep delicate shrimp colonies, provide dense vegetation, mosses and hiding places, or consider dedicating a separate tank specifically to shrimp breeding.

Do Moonlight Gouramis need a heavily planted tank?
They do not strictly require a heavily planted tank to survive, but they feel significantly more secure and show better colouring in well‑planted environments. Plants offer hiding spots, visual barriers and shaded areas that reduce stress. Floating species are especially valuable, softening the light and providing support for bubble nests during breeding, so they are strongly recommended for this fish.

How can I tell male and female Moonlight Gouramis apart?
Sexing Moonlight Gouramis is easier once they reach maturity. Males usually have a more pointed dorsal fin and slightly more intense body colour, sometimes with warmer tones on the belly and pelvic filaments. Females are often rounder, especially when full of eggs, and their dorsal fin tends to be shorter and more rounded. Observing them side by side helps to notice these subtle differences.